Availability of foods according to the degree of processing in families with young elderly and oldest-old (POF 2017-2018) / Disponibilidade de alimentos de acordo com o grau de processamento em famílias com idosos jovens e longevos (POF 2017-2018)

ABSTRACT Objective To compare the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods in families with and without elderly and oldest-old people. Methods This is an observational, cross-sectional study with secondary data from the Household Budget Survey, conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics between 2017 and 2018. Families were characterized based on the oldest member: Control (without elderly and oldest-old) or with elderly and oldest-old. The sociodemographic characteristics of the families and the foods purchased by the families were obtained, according to the Nova classification (in natura, processed and ultra-processed foods, in addition to culinary ingredients). Results Families with elderly and oldest-old people had greater availability of fresh foods and fewer ultra-processed foods. In contrast, young families showed greater acquisition of all ultra-processed food items. Conclusion The unfavorable nutritional transition process with fewer in natura foods seemed to be less evident in families with higher age groups. It is concluded that the presence of the elderly and oldest-old in the family could be related to a better quality of the family diet, with a greater presence of fresh foods and a lower acquisition of ultra-processed foods.

RESUMO Objetivo Comparar a disponibilidade de alimentos saudáveis e não saudáveis nas famílias com e sem idosos e longevos. Métodos É um estudo observacional, transversal com dados secundários da Pesquisa de Orçamento Familiar, realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística entre 2017-2018. As famílias foram caracterizadas pelo integrante com maior idade: controle (sem idosos e longevos), com idosos e longevos. Foram obtidas características sociodemográficas das famílias e itens alimentares adquiridos pelas famílias, segundo a classificação Nova (alimentos in natura, processados e ultraprocessados, além de ingredientes culinários). Resultados As famílias com idosos e longevos apresentaram maior disponibilidade de alimentos in natura e menor em ultraprocessados. Enquanto que as famílias jovens apresentaram maior aquisição em todos os itens alimentares ultraprocessados. Conclusão O processo de transição nutricional desfavorável com menos alimentos in natura pareceu ser menos evidente em famílias com maiores faixas-etárias. Conclui-se que a presença de idosos e longevos na família pode estar relacionada à melhor qualidade alimentar familiar, com maior presença de alimentos in natura e menor aquisição de ultraprocessados.

Whey protein ingestion in elderly diet and the association with physical, performance and clinical outcomes.

Nutrition is critical to the health of the elderly, since most of them have a deficiency in key nutrient. The use of whey protein may be a food strategy to increase protein intake. The objective of this work was to evaluate the ingestion of whey protein for the elderly and the association with physical performance and clinical outcomes. A systematic review was conducted in order to find papers that shed some light in the correlation between whey protein and the elderly. INCLUSION CRITERIA: population: elderly; intervention: use of whey protein when compared to control group; outcome: related to health, nutrition, or quality of life. DATABASE: PubMed, with papers published in the last 5 years. SEARCH STRATEGY: (elder OR senior OR elderly OR aging OR aged OR old OR older) AND (whey OR "whey protein"). 35 papers were selected of which 22 had a physical performance outcome and 13 had clinical outcomes. Studies indicate that whey protein supplements promote protein synthesis in the elderly, improving muscle performance and aerobic capacity, protecting against sarcopenia and reducing the risk for falls. In the papers studied, the age group considered to be elderly was ≥65 years in 27 papers and ≥60 years in the other 8 papers. Whey protein also appears to contribute to improved health, recovery from disease, prevention of cardiovascular and metabolic risks, and hepatic steatosis complications. Data suggest that whey protein supplements may be promising for the health improvement of the elderly.

Diferenças no perfil socioeconômico e de saúde de idosos do meio rural e urbano: pesquisa nacional de saúde, 2013 / Differences in the socioeconomic and health profiles of older adults in rural and urban environments: 2013 national health survey

OBJETIVO: Compreender as possíveis diferenças sociodemográficas, econômicas e de saúde entre idosos brasileiros rurais e urbanos participantes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2013. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal, com análise secundária de dados de 11.177 idosos da PNS. A variável dependente foi o local do domicílio (meio rural ou meio urbano), e as demais variáveis (independentes) foram as características sociodemográficas: faixa etária (60 a 79 e 80 anos ou mais), sexo, raça, estado conjugal e escolaridade, cidade e condição socioeconômica; e clínicas: planos de saúde, cadastro na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e autopercepção de saúde. Tabelas de distribuição da variável dependente e das independentes tiveram suas associações testadas pelo teste χ2, considerando significativo p < 5%. RESULTADOS: Exceto a faixa etária, todas as outras características sociodemográficas e clínicas foram significativamente associadas com o meio onde moram (p < 0,0001). Residentes no meio rural eram, em maior frequência, do sexo masculino, pardos, casados, analfabetos, moradores de cidades interioranas, com maior cobertura pela ESF, nível socioeconômico baixo e menor frequência de plano de saúde. Idosos do meio urbano apresentavam com maior frequência autopercepção de saúde muito boa, boa e muito ruim (p < 0,0001). CONCLUSÕES: Observamos que idosos do meio rural apresentaram características sociodemográficas vulneráveis e clínicas desfavoráveis quando comparados aos idosos brasileiros do meio urbano, contrariando estudos internacionais. Os achados encontrados estimulam novas investigações para o melhor entendimento das lacunas da literatura sobre o idoso residente no meio rural

OBJECTIVE: To understand possible sociodemographic, economic and health differences between older rural and urban Brazilians participating in the 2013 National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a secondary analysis of data from 11,177 elderly individuals. The dependent variable was place of residence (rural or urban), and the independent variables were sociodemographic characteristics (age group [age 60 to 79 or 80 years and older], gender, race, municipality and socioeconomic condition) and clinical characteristics: private health plan, enrollment in the Family Health Strategy program (Estratégia Saúde da Família) and self-perceived health. Associations between dependent and independent variables were assessed using the χ2 test, with p < 5% considered significant. RESULTS: Except for age group, all other sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were significantly associated with place of residence (p < 0.0001). Rural participants were more frequently: male, mixed race, married, illiterate, non-capital residents, with a lower socioeconomic level, better Family Health Strategy coverage, were less likely to have private health insurance. The self perceived health of urban elderly was more frequently very good, good or very poor (p <0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Older individuals in rural areas had less favorable sociodemographic and clinical characteristics than those in urban areas, which contradicts international studies. These findings should stimulate further research to fill gaps in the literature regarding the rural elderly